Climates

Here I present a summary of different climates that can be found all around the world.

Equatorial Climate
Places with equatorial climate can be found between 5° in either side of the Equator. The main places where it can be found are in the Amazonas, the Congo and south-east of Asia. It has an annual range 2°C due to the high location of the sun rays toward the places. They are hot and wet throughout the year. It does not have a wet or dry season. The annual rainfall is from 2000/2500mm. This condition is due to the warm air but low pressure of the area. There are no prevailing winds. The equatorial climate is characterized by the great humidity and the continuum daily pattern. The daily pattern is produced when water vapor creates the clouds. With more water vapor, cumulonimbus are formed. Clouds condense and it rains, this produces the nights to be warm and very humid.

Continental ClimatesThis climate is mainly found in the center of continents, away from coasts and between the latitudes 5° and 15° in either direction. This climate, counts with a hot and wet season and a dry one. Temperatures vary depending on the vertical position of the sun, there´s more heat as the sun rays reach the land more directly. However, on the north hemisphere, temperatures decrease from July to August as clouds cover the sun and rain increases. In the south hemisphere this happens the other way around. Unfortunately, those areas with increased distance from the Equator tend to have a short or sometimes non-existence wet season, producing several droughts. The average temperature can reach 31° and the annual range of temperature is 8°. Annual precipitation reaches 950mm.

Monsoon
It is located in south-east Asia. The climate name means “a season”. However, it counts with two seasons named by the direction of the winds: south-west monsoon and north-east monsoon. The South-west monsoon, wet season. Here hot air crashes with mountains and raises. As it goes up it cools down. This produces a lot of rain, leading to many floods. While the places at the north of the mountains, the Himalayas, remain dry. The north-east monsoon is located in the north of the Himalayas. This is a cold area and with high pressure. Winds don´t led raining; consequently at the end of the dry season, many droughts are produced.

Hot DessertsHot Desserts are located in the west side of continents. Temperatures vary between 5° and 30°. There is little or no rainfall, less than 250mm. There can be found high rates of evapotranspiration. One of the most known is the Sahara Dessert. In hot desserts, temperatures rise when the sun is overhead and decrease when it´s found in the opposite hemisphere. The reasons for the winds being dry is that prevailing winds blow from dry areas with no presence of moisture, and they have to cross mountains. Really hot temperatures at day and a freezing decrease at night.

Cold Climate

They are located in the poleward side 60°North or more in Eurasia, North America, Alaska and Canada. Precipitation is found throughout the year in little amounts. The wetter season is summer. Temperatures do not vary during winter and summer. Summers tend to be shorter than winters. Winters are really long, dark and extremely cold. Strong winds. Summers are short but relatively hot for the latitude, due to the low influence of the sea. The absence of precipitation depends on the coldness of the air that does not allowed to hold much moisture. Precipitations can be found as snow and hail.